What makes Swiss different

On a conventional lathe, the bar is gripped in a chuck; the cutting tool extends out to meet it. The further the tool cuts from the chuck, the more the bar can deflect under cutting force. On a Swiss-type lathe, the bar feeds through a carbide guide bushing that sits immediately behind the cutting zone — the bar is supported at the point where force is applied, eliminating deflection.

This matters most for small-diameter parts with complex features. A Ø3 mm Ti-6Al-4V shaft with an O-ring groove and cross-hole is nearly impossible on a conventional lathe — the bar flexes under tool pressure. On a Swiss, it's routine. Combined with live tooling on multiple slides, a complex medical component can be completed in a single cycle in under a minute.

Best part types for Swiss

Swiss-type is the right choice for parts with diameter < 32 mm, features on multiple radial planes, and production quantity above ~200 pieces. For small quantities (<50 pcs), conventional turning is usually cheaper because Swiss setup time is higher. For diameters above 32 mm, use a conventional lathe with bar feeder.

§ 01 / Equipment

Machines currently in operation.

Machine Capacity Spindle / Capability Qty Typical use
Citizen Cincom L20-VIIIØ20 mm bar · 8 axes · sub-spindle10,000 rpm main · 8,000 rpm live tool3Micro-parts, medical guides, connector pins
Citizen Cincom M32-VIIIØ32 mm bar · 8 axes · sub-spindle8,000 rpm main · 6,000 rpm live tool2Mid-diameter precision parts, automotive injectors
Tsugami BE20-VØ20 mm bar · 6 axes12,000 rpm main · 8,000 rpm live tool1High-volume small parts, electronics pins
§ 02 / Applications

Parts we make most often with this process.

CATEGORY · MEDICAL

Orthopedic pins & screws

Bone screws, Kirschner wires, suture anchors. Usually Ti-6Al-4V ELI (ASTM F136) or 316LVM stainless, passivated and electropolished.

CATEGORY · ELECTRONICS

Connector pins

Precision-turned contacts for RF connectors, D-sub pins, hermetic feedthroughs. Brass or beryllium copper, often gold or nickel plated.

CATEGORY · WATCHES

Precision components

Watch pivots, crown stems, pushers. Historically the origin of Swiss-type machining — the precision requirements haven't changed.

CATEGORY · AUTOMOTIVE

Fuel injector parts

Injector nozzles, needle valves, fuel metering components. 440C stainless or hardenable tool steel with precision bore tolerances.

CATEGORY · INSTRUMENTATION

Sensor probes

Thermocouple sheaths, pressure sensor housings, optical waveguides. Often exotic alloys like Kovar, Invar, or Hastelloy.

CATEGORY · AEROSPACE

Fasteners & pins

Specialty aerospace fasteners, hinge pins, bushings. A286 stainless, Inconel 718, Ti-6Al-4V. FAI and lot traceability standard.

§ 03 / Design considerations

What to know before releasing a drawing.

01
Work within bar-stock diameters
Swiss bar stock comes in standard diameters (Ø3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 25, 32 mm). Design your largest diameter as close as possible to a standard — oversizing by 2 mm might force you to one size up of bar stock, increasing material cost 30%+
02
Guide bushing clearance
The guide bushing needs clearance for sub-spindle handover. Very short parts (under 8 mm long for Ø20 bar) may be cheaper to make as longer parts cut in half later. Tell us the real part length constraint — we can sometimes redesign the feed strategy.
03
Cross-hole timing
Cross-drilled holes are cheap (one live tool pass) but if you need multiple cross-holes indexed at specific angles, each extra angle adds cycle time. A part with 4 cross-holes at arbitrary angles costs more than one with 4 holes at 0°, 90°, 180°, 270°.
04
Thread sizes and styles
Metric threads are faster to set up than imperial on Swiss (tap stocks are more standardized). For very fine threads (pitch < 0.5 mm), thread rolling is an option — produces stronger threads than cut. Rolled threads require a specific blank diameter; design for this early.
05
Surface finish from the tool
Swiss machines produce as-turned Ra ~0.4 μm on good inserts — often good enough to skip polishing. For mirror finish (Ra < 0.2 μm), add a diamond burnishing pass or specify post-process polishing. Full electropolish adds 1–2 days lead time.

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